Heart valve surgery

WHAT IS VALVULAR HEAR DISEASE ?
Heart Valves are doors that control the flow of blood between the different chamber of parts of the heart
In valvular heart disease, one or more of the heart valves because damaged and cannot function properly. Different disease affect different valves. Certain disease tend to affect one heart valve more then others. The valves in the left side of the heart are more commonly affected then those in the right side of the heart.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS ?
Patient will start experiencing symptoms at different ages depending on the disease that they have. This can range from the very young to the very old.
In General, valve can become floppy and allow blood to flow backwards or become Tight thereby narrowing the space through which the blood can flow forward. There can be a mixture of both.
In early stage , you may have no symptoms and feel alright even if your valve is badly damaged. The symptoms may appear later and become progressively worse.
Common symptoms are:
• Shortness of Breath on exertion
• Fatigue or Tiredness
• Feeling of faintness
• Irregular heart beat
• Swelling of the ankles

If you are experience these symptoms, you should see your family doctor who will take care a detailed history, do a thorough physical examination and the necessary tests.
Your doctor may refer you to a cardiologist for further evaluation. The cardiologist may do a echocardiogram, a painless test using ultrasound, to help him look at your heart and its different structures. This will help your doctors to understand your condition and be able to make an accurate diagnosis and give the correct treatment.

WHAT IS THE TREATMENT ?

Depending on what is found, you may be:

• Given meditation and followed up regularly or
• Referred to an interventional cardiologist or
• Referred to cardiac surgeon

The Interventional cardiologist is a cardiologist who carries out procedures on the heart using Percutancous method through the skin.

The Cardiac Surgeon will:

• Explain why open surgery may be the best option for your condition
• Explain the different way of treating the valves
• Explain the risk, benefits and possible complications
• Describe the surgical procedure
• Example the post operative care
• Answer your question and clarify your doubts
• Help you reach a decision and set a date for the surgery

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF VALVE SURGERY ?
Your damaged valve can either be repaired or replaced.
Your Surgeon will always try to save as much of your valve as possible this effect the result of the surgery. If the repair fails, he will replace the valve at the same operation.

Valve can be replaced by:

• Mechanical Valve
• Bioprosthetic valve which are made from pig or cow tissue
• Allograft valve which are taken from human valve tissue.
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